城乡融合视角下的美国乡村发展借鉴研究——克莱姆森地区城乡体系引介

A Study on the Rural Development of the United States from the Viewpoint of Urbanrural Integration:Introduction to the Urban and Rural System of the Clemson Area

改革开放40余年,我国农村面貌发生了巨大变化,但城乡二元结构并未根本改变,城乡差距依然明显。随着国土空间规划体系的逐渐建立,我国将深入开展城乡规划改革,借鉴西方先进经验可为新一轮探索提供更广阔的思路。通过对比分析,认为中美乡村差异虽然客观存在,但城乡同构的发展方式在现阶段值得借鉴。以美国南卡罗莱纳州皮肯斯县的克莱姆森为例,展现由小城镇、农村居民点、农牧场共同构成的美国乡村地区,并从生活配套、生产就业、生态休憩等方面进行详述。指出优良的居住条件是乡村的重要优势,城乡融合、区域联动是乡村持续繁荣的重要保证。

Since 40 years of reform and opening up,many significant improvements have taken place in China's rural areas.However,the urban-rural dual structure has not been fundamentally changed,and the urban-rural gaps are still evident.The establishment of the spatial planning system brings new opportunities to solve the problems,and planning reform will be carried out in depth.More solutions can be received by learning from developed western countries.The study shows that it is feasible to learn from the United States'excellent experiences,although there are differences between China and the United States'rural areas.Based on the Clemson in Pickens County of South Carolina,a rural area of the United States which is composed of farms,settlements,towns,even small cities,it is examined in terms of infrastructure,employment,and eco-leisure.The results show that the housing conditions and living environments are essential advantages of rural areas,and urban-rural integration and region linkages are necessary guarantees to maintain their prosperities.