甲基磺酸乙酯对穿心莲种子成苗的影响

Effect of Ethyl Methane Sulfonate on Seedling Formation of Andrographis paniculata

【目的】穿心莲是我国传统的大宗中药材之一,建立甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)突变技术体系,创制表型变异丰富的突变体库,为其功能基因组学研究和育种提供新材料。【方法】通过比较分析EMS溶液的不同浓度和处理时间对穿心莲种子萌发及幼苗生长过程的影响,获得诱变的优化体系,并对诱变后表型有差异的突变体进行形态学方面的初步评价与鉴定。【结果】在5种处理中,EMS溶液处理4 h的种子发芽率和成苗率显著高于对照,随着EMS溶液浓度的提高和处理时间延长,穿心莲种子的发芽率降低,诱变率增加,其中0.5%EMS溶液处理12 h的诱变率最高;其次是0.8%EMS溶液处理8 h。与对照相比,突变体植株具有明显的表型差异,包括在叶色(杂斑叶)、叶型(心型、叶裂等)、叶序(轮生叶)、株高(矮化)、分枝(顶生二枝)和花轴(无花轴)等。【结论】建立了穿心莲种子的EMS诱变方法,获得突变体植株,可为穿心莲基因组学的研究及新品种选育提供新材料。

【Objective】Andrographis paniculata(Burm.F.)nees is one of the traditional Chinese medical materials.Establishing a technical system of ethyl methane sulfonate(EMS)mutation and creating a mutant resource library with rich phenotype variation will help to provide new materials for functional genomics research and variety breeding.【Method】The optimal conditions of A.paniculata mutant bank mutation were obtained by comparing and analyzing the effects of different EMS concentrations and treatment time on seed germination and seedling growth.The morphologies of mutants with different phenotypes after mutation were evaluated and identified.【Result】Among 5 treatments,the germination rate and seedling rate of seeds treated by EMS for 4 hours were significantly higher than those of the control.With the increase of EMS concentration and treatment time,the germination rate of A.paniculata seeds decreased and the mutagenesis rate increased.Among them,the highest mutagenesis rate(3.5%)was obtained under the treatment with 0.5%EMS concentration for 12 hours,followed by the treatment with 0.8%EMS concentration for 8 hours.Compared with the control,the induced mutant plants showed significant phenotypic differences.Furthermore,EMS induced mutations in a variety of A.paniculata plants,including leaf color,blade profile,leaf arrangement,plant height,branch and flower axis.【Conclusion】EMS mutagenesis method of A.paniculata seeds was established successfully.Many types of plants with specific phenotypes were obtained,which provided new materials for functional genomics research and new variety selection.