“接力式进城”——父辈流动模式对农民工迁移选择的影响

“Relay into the City”——The Influence of Parents’Mobility Model on Migration Choice of Migrant Workers

改革开放四十年来,农民工内部已经发生代际分化,需要从代际联系的视角重新审视我国农民工市民化进程。基于2016年全国流动人口监测数据,借助倾向值匹配方法,研究发现,我国农民工市民化存在多代接力进城的市民化模式。一代又一代的农民工涌入城市,不断提高着家庭禀赋,变换着生活方式,以期实现真正的市民化。父辈外出务工经历对农民工二代市民化意愿的产生形成助力,此为直线型接力进城模式。即使不能市民化,父母有外出务工经历的农民工也倾向返回家乡的小城镇,而不是返回原农村老家,从而形成从小城镇再到大城市的阶梯式接力进城模式。研究结果有助于深入认识我国农民工市民化的内在机理,为深化户籍制度改革和优化城镇化布局形态提供理论支撑。

Over the past 40 years of reform and opening up,intergenerational differentiation has occurred within mi⁃grant workers.We need to re-examine the process of citizenization of migrant workers in my country from the perspec⁃tive of intergenerational contact.This article is based on 2016 national mobile population monitoring data,and uses the propensity value matching method.The study found that there is a mode of inter-generational relay into cities for the citizenization of migrant workers in my country.Generations of migrant workers have poured into cities,constantly im⁃proving family endowments and changing lifestyles,with a view to achieving true citizenization.The parent’s experi⁃ence of going out to work has helped form the citizen’s willingness to become a citizen.This is a linear relay-to-city model.Even if they cannot be civicized,migrant workers whose parents have worked outside the hometown tend to re⁃turn to the small towns of their hometowns instead of returning to the countryside,thus forming a stepped relay entry mode from small towns to large cities.The research results of this paper are helpful to understand the internal mecha⁃nism of the civicization of migrant workers in my country,and provide theoretical support for deepening the reform of the household registration system and optimizing the layout of urbanization.