数据驱动的技术契约适应性创新——数字经济的创新逻辑(四)

Data-driven Adaptive Innovations of Technology Contracts:The Innovation Logic of the Digital Economy(4)

针对算法歧视、大数据杀熟和数据操纵等数字经济中的新型机会主义,本文从治理角度对技术契约的概念及其扩展进行了探讨,提出数据驱动的技术契约适应性创新概念,从以技术契约为基础的数字经济治理创新和基于技术契约互补性的数字经济治理创新两个方面剖析数字经济的创新逻辑。研究认为:(1)技术契约指信息技术自身包含有治理特征,或信息技术形成隐性行为的规范,是一种中立、客观的第三方契约;(2)基于新一代信息技术和实体经济深度融合形成的技术信任,构成数据驱动的技术契约适应性创新的基础。数据驱动的技术契约适应性创新使技术契约嵌入到既有的正式契约、关系契约、心理契约和社会契约中,形成保障数字经济运行的契约互补性;(3)通过契约互补性对数字经济机会主义行为进行的治理是一种有别于Hart机制设计学派和Williamson交易成本学派的治理思路,有助于推动数字经济的治理创新。

The new opportunism in the digital economy,such as algorithm discrimination,big data acquaintance and data manipulation,has aroused much attention.This article,highlighting the concept“technology contracts”and its conceptual extension from the perspective of governance,puts forward the concept of data-driven adaptive innovations of technology contracts,and interprets the innovation logic of digital economy from two main aspects:digital economy governance innovation based on technology contracts and digital economy governance innovation based on technological contract complementarity.The paper contends that:(1)Technology contracts refers to the neutral and objective third-party contracts which rely on information technology with governance functions itself,or information technology that facilitates an implicit code of conduct;(2)The technological trust,which is based on the integration between a new generation of information technology and the real economy,constitutes the cornerstone of data-driven adaptive innovations of technology contracts,and enables technology contract being embedded in existing formal contracts,relational contracts,psychological contracts,and social contracts,forming contract complementarity that guarantees the operation of the digital economy;(3)The approach of adopting contract complementarity to govern opportunism of digital economy is different from the Hart mechanism design school and the Williamson transaction cost school,and helps to promote the governance innovation of the digital economy.