沥青摊铺机压实能量模型与最优作业参数研究

Study on the compacting energy model and the optimal operating parameters of asphalt pavers

摊铺密实度是衡量沥青混凝土摊铺机作业质量的重要指标之一。施工中实际可获得的摊铺密实度取决于各作业参数的设置及参数间的相互影响。本文从能量等效角度研究了摊铺密实度与作业参数之间的关系,并在此基础上提出了一种最优作业参数的确定方法。首先,通过分析双振捣机构和偏心振动机构对沥青混合料的作用机理,得到了两者在单周期内各自对混合料产生的有效压实能量,结合室内马歇尔击实试验的研究结果,推导了摊铺密实度与摊铺速度、振捣频率、振动频率、振捣冲程和振动振幅等作业参数之间的函数关系;其次,基于简化后的密实度模型,结合摊铺机动力学性能要求对振捣及振动参数取值范围的限制,以及摊铺效率最大化等约束条件,给出了最优作业参数的确定方法;最后,采用本文提出的方法对9 m沥青混凝土摊铺机进行了动力学仿真和计算,针对给定的目标密实度确定了最优作业参数。

Paving density is one of the most important indexes to measure the construction quality of asphalt pavers,and its actual amount in construction depends on the operating parameters and their mutual influences.In this paper,the relationship between the paving density and the operating parameters is studied from the perspective of energy equivalence.Firstly,through the theoretical analysis of the compacting mechanism of the double tampers and the screed vibrator,the effective compacting energy produced by these two vibrating devices in a single cycle is obtained.Combining the research results of the indoor Marshall Compaction test,the relationship between the paving density and the paving speed,tampering frequency,vibrating frequency,tampering stroke and tampering amplitude is deduced.Secondly,based on the simplified density model,aiming at the given target density,the determination method of the optimal operating parameters is proposed under the constraints of dynamic requirements on the tampering frequency,the vibrating frequency and the maximization of the paving productivity.Finally,a 9-metre asphalt paver is taken as a simulation example and its optimal operating parameters are calculated by using the method proposed.