施用改良剂对植烟土壤养分含量和酶活性的影响

Effects of amendments on nutrient content and enzyme activity of tobacco-planting soil

采用大田试验,分别于烟苗移栽后25、50、75d测定土壤主要养分含量,研究施用氰氨化钙、生物炭和微生物肥+饼肥3种土壤改良剂对植烟土壤养分和酶活性的影响。结果表明:施用生物炭和微生物肥+饼肥的土壤速效钾较对照分别提高31.80%和12.52%,施用氰氨化钙的土壤速效磷和碱解氮含量分别降低7.30%和2.01%;烟苗移栽后75 d,施用改良剂土壤过氧化氢酶活性和脲酶活性较对照分别提高11.79%~15.38%、19.10%~25.14%,施用氰氨化钙的最高,生物炭的最低;施用改良剂土壤的中性磷酸酶较对照提高6.96%~14.96%,施用微生物肥+饼肥的最高,施用氰氨化钙的最低。从综合效果来看,施用生物炭改良剂效果最好。

Field experiments were used to determine the main nutrient content of the soil at 25,50,and 75 days after the tobacco seedlings were transplanted.And the effects of three soil amendments:calcium cyanamide,biochar and microbial fertilizer+cake fertilizer on enzyme activities and nutrients in tobacco planting soil were studied.The results showed that the soil available potassium treated with biochar and microbial fertilizer+cake fertilizer increased by 31.80%and 12.52%,respectively,compared with the control,and the soil available phosphorus and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content of the calcium cyanamide treatment decreased by 7.30%and 2.01%,respectively.At 75 days after transplanting,soil catalase activity and urease activity in amendment treatments were increased by 11.79%-15.38%and 19.10%-25.14%compared with the control,respectively;and catalase activity and urease activity in calcium cyanamide treatment was the highest while in charcoal treatment was the lowest;soil neutral phosphatase was increased by 6.96%-14.96%compared with the control,which in microbial fertilizer+cake fertilizer treatment was the highest,and in calcium cyanamide treatment was the lowest.From the overall effect,the application of biochar modifier has the best effect.