贞观二十一年唐伐龟兹一役探因——兼论高宗朝初的西域经略对策

Probing into the Causes of Tang’s Attack on Qiu-ci in the 21st Year of Zhenguan——And the Countermeasures of the Western Regions in the Early Gaozong Dynasty

李唐王朝自贞观年间破高昌、焉耆之后,其在西域的实际控制范围一度徘徊于塔里木盆地东南边缘。地处塔里木盆地北道要冲的龟兹绿洲成为唐朝实施边防外交和推进西域战略的前沿重地。贞观二十一年,太宗朝在时机尚未成熟之际毅然发动龟兹之役,虽非时宜,但却是基于边防时局及个人因素考量之抉择。太宗朝后期所构想的以龟兹为重心的天山南麓防御攻略,在高宗朝汲取前朝教训、深刻认识问题实质,转而采取灵活的迂回策略后得以实现,并为后世西域边防治理开拓出新的局面。

After the Li-tang dynasty defeated Gao-chang and Yan-qi,the extent of actual control of the Tang dynasty in Western Regions was always being at the eastern of Tarim Basin.The oasis of Qiu-ci where is the vital communications hub of north road,became frontier stronghold of frontier diplomacy and strategy of theWestern Regions in the Tang dynasty.When the time is not ripe,Tai-tsung started the war of Qiu-ci,and the war was the choice of the frontier times and personal factors.The strategic focus around Qiu-ci was became ture at Gaozhong of the Tang dynasty after adopting a flexible strategy,that opened up new situation for later ages who administering frontier defence of the Western Regions.