从个人记忆到人类记忆:南京大屠杀历史记忆符号的传衍

From Personal Memory to HumanMemory:The Spread of Historical Memory Symbols of The Nanjing Massacre

南京大屠杀迄今已80周年,是二战历史上一段不堪回首的历史记忆。本文采用王明珂先生对历史记忆的阐述,并结合符号学理论,认为历史记忆符号就是记忆依附于一定客体(能指),传达出的历史事件的核心价值(所指)的载体。南京大屠杀历史记忆符号的发送者(亲历者或国家),以南京大屠杀历史事件为话语对象,运用动态记忆符号的选择和表述,向符号的接收者(社会大众或全人类)传递信息,推动其理解并内化历史记忆的价值。南京大屠杀历史记忆符号实现了从个人记忆到集体记忆,再到民族记忆和人类记忆的连续传衍过程,民族的仇恨情感、国际政治博弈和人类历史责任感是促使南京大屠杀历史记忆符号演变的重要因素。我们关注历史记忆,不仅是为了更好地理解"现在",我们强化历史记忆,不仅出于民族情感,更是为了超越民族情感,超越隔阂,使之成为全人类的共同历史记忆和历史责任。

Up to now,the Nanjing massacre has been 80 th anniversary.It is a historical memory in the history of World War II.This article uses Mr.Wang Mingke’s interpretation of historical memory and combines semiotics theory.The article thinks that the symbol of historical memory is memory attached to a certain object(signifier)and Conveys the core value of historical events(Signified).The sender of Nanjing massacre’s historical memory(Personal experience or country)relies on the historical events of the Nanjing massacre,through dynamic memory symbol selection and expression,it conveys information to the receiver of the symbol(The public or the whole human race),and promote its understanding and internalize the value of historical memory.The historical memory symbols of the Nanjing massacre have undergone a process from personal memory to collective memory,to national memory and human memory.Ethnic hatred,international political game and human historical responsibility are the important factors that promote the evolution of the historical memory symbols of the Nanjing massacre.We pay attention to historical memory,not only to better understand the"present",we strengthen historical memory,not only out of national emotions,but also to transcend national emotions,transcend barriers,make it the common historical memory and historical responsibility of all mankind.