西平高僧道照的籍贯、家世及儒释思想源起

The Eminent Monk DAOzhao in Xiping:His Native Place,Family Background and the Origin of Confucianism and Buddhism

西平高僧道照是南朝刘宋时备受推崇、独步江南的唱导僧,又是通音律、善鼓琴、精琴论的琴僧。记载道照的历史文献较少,学界也仅关注其唱导之功,且对其籍贯的认识历来有分歧,对早年的成长经历更是关注甚少。高僧籍贯所在地和早年成长期地域文化的熏陶,对其后期的弘法轨迹和成就影响甚大,值得关注。经过考证,道照是西平麴氏大族之后,自幼儒家文化底蕴深厚,又受西平地区佛教文化熏陶,十八岁时出家为僧,后游锡至建康弘法,以唱导和琴论著称于世。高僧道照乡贯西平,驻锡江南弘法,是两晋南北朝时河陇僧人经丝绸之路青海道南下弘法交流的时代缩影,体现出佛教经河西东渐的历史文化现象。

Daozhao,an eminent monk in Xiping,was a highly respected singing and guiding monk in the south of the Yangtze River during the Liu and Song dynasties in the Southern Dynasty.At the same time,he was also a Qin monk who was proficient in melody,good at Guqin and refined in Qin.Nevertheless,there are quite few historical documents about daozhao,and it’s a pity that the academic circles only pay attention to his singing and guiding skills.Consequently,there are always divergent opinions on his native place,furthermore,very little attention is paid to his early growth experience.It is well known that the place where the eminent monks came from and the regional culture that they grew up in the early years had a great influence on their later development and achievements.After textual research,daozhao was from a big family of Xiping.Since childhood,Daozhao had profound Confucian cultural deposits and was influenced by the Buddhist culture in Xiping.At the age of 18,he became a monk and traveled to Xikang to spread the Dharma.He was famous for his singing,guiding and Qin theory.Daozhao,a famous monk in Xiping,was stationed in the regions south of the Yangtze River to preach Dharma.This is the epitome of the times when monks from Hexi went south to preach Dharma along the Silk Road in the southern and Northern Dynasties,which reflects the historical and cultural phenomenon of Buddhism spreading from Hexi to the East.