赋权增能:后脱贫时代农村女性多维贫困干预路径选择

Empowerment:The Choice of Rural Women's Multidimensional Poverty Intervention Path in the Post Poverty Alleviation Era

2020年政府工作报告的最新数据显示:农村贫困人口减少1 109万,贫困发生率降至0.6%,脱贫攻坚取得决定性成就。随着现阶段脱贫攻坚任务目标的逐步接近,中国步入后脱贫时代。然而,2020年绝对贫困消除后农村女性贫困问题并没有终结,其文化知识的匮乏、权利的缺失、主体意识的欠缺、能力的不足等非收入形态的多维贫困依然存在。农村女性是乡村振兴的重要主体力量,其面临的非收入多维贫困问题不仅直接关乎其个人和家庭发展,也是返贫的潜在诱因,而且严重影响乡村振兴战略的实施。基于赋权增能视角,结合农村女性后脱贫时代贫困表现的新特征、新变化,赋权取向下消除、改变外部障碍,消解农村女性缺权状态。同时,增能取向下,激发和加强农村女性内在潜能和能力建设,使之稳定脱贫不返贫。

The latest data in the 2020 Government Work Report shows:rural poor population has decreased by 11.09 million;the incidence of poverty has dropped to 0.6%;decisive achievements have been made in poverty alleviation.At this stage,getting closer to the final objective,China has entered a post poverty alleviation era.However,after the elimination of absolute poverty in 2020,the problem of rural women poverty has not ended.The non-income multidimensional poverty still exists such as poor education attainment,unprotected rights,lack of self-awareness,and incapability.Rural women are an important force in rural revitalization.The non-income multidimensional poverty problem they face is directly related to not only their personal and family development,but also their probability of returning to poverty,which seriously affects the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy.Based on the perspective of empowerment,combined with the new characteristics and changes of rural women's poverty performance in the post poverty alleviation era,external obstacles are to be eliminated or changed and rural women's rights are to be strengthened.At the same time,under the orientation of empowerment,it is suggested to stimulate and strengthen the inner potential and capacity building of rural women,so that they can steadily lift themselves out of poverty without returning to poverty.