自我想象与他者表达——从布迪厄的实践理论来看西江鼓藏头“苗王”文化符号的建构

Self-Imagination and Others’Expression:the Construction of the Symbol of“Miao Wang”in Xijiang from the Perspective of Pierre Bourdieu's Practical Theory

近年来,"苗王"一词在西江苗寨出现的频率较为频繁,几乎成为了西江苗族"鼓藏头"的代名词。从西江苗族的文化传统根基来看,"苗王"并不存在于其文化传统体系中,也就是说这是后来的文化建构实践结果。关于"苗王",是在旅游场域中由多重逻辑力量的推动建构起来的关于西江苗族"鼓藏头"的一个身份符号。从皮埃尔·布迪厄的实践理论视角出发来看,"苗王"符号的建构具有其特定的建构资本逻辑。研究发现,依照西江苗族的文化传统根基论,"苗王"符号的建构行为难免成为建构者的"自我想象",作为西江苗族文化主体的"他者表达"与建构群体的建构事实大相径庭。

In recent years,the word“Miao Wang”appears frequently in Xijiang miao ethnic village,almost becoming a synonym for Guzang Head who is a leader in charge of sacrificial and recreational activities.In fact,from the perspective of the roots of traditional culture of the Miao people in Xijiang Miao Village,“Miao Wang”does not exist in its cultural tradition system,which means that it is the result of the acquired cultural construction practice.“Miao Wang”is an identity symbol of Guzang Head in Xijiang Miao Village,which is constructed by multiple logical forces in the tourism field.From the perspective of Pierre Bourdieu’s practical theory,the construction of the symbol of“Miao Wang”has its specific logic of construction capital.It is found that the symbol construction of“Miao Wang”inevitably becomes the Self-images of the constructors.It is kind of others’expression of the cultural subject in Xijiang Miao Village,which is quite different from the construction fact.