晚清新闻画报的出版内容新探——以《点石斋画报》中的“异士”为例

A New Exploration of the Contents in News Pictorials in Late Qing Dynasty,with the Reports on“Strange People”in the Dianshizhai Pictorial as an Example

《点石斋画报》作为晚清众多时事新闻画报的代表性刊物,其中关于"异士"形象的报道成为探究画报出版内容采选、编绘理念与价值传播的重要载体。"异士"或本身特异特别、不同寻常,或因参照体系的转变表现出某种特殊性,在画报中主要有外形特异之人、善技之人、"志异"化的人、"他者"式洋人、"个性"化的"妇人"。画报对异士的图文表达方式为技巧杂糅,融合求异;描摹想象,再现求异。这种异士形象的传播主要呈现出"外形特异"的符号表现价值、"理念变改"的文学传播价值、"干扰立场"的性别认知价值。

The Dianshizhai Pictorial was a representative of many pictorials on current affairs and news in the late Qing Dynasty.The reports on"Strange People"in the Dianshizhai Pictorial have become an important channel for exploring how the pictorial selected publishing content,its editing and illustrating philosophy and value communication."Strange People"refers to people who are unusual,have exceptional functions or show a certain particularity due to the change in the reference system.They mainly include people with peculiar appearance or special skills,mysterious people,foreigners and maverick women.The Dianshizhai Pictorial depicted the Strange People through pictures and texts with a multi-pronged approach:seeking differences on the basis of merging together,portraying and imagination,reproduction and reserving differences.The dissemination of such image mainly shows the symbolic value of"special appearance",the literary communication value of"idea change",and the gender cognition value of"influencing one’s position".