饮食干预管理联合健康教育在糖尿病酮症酸中毒昏迷患者中的护理效果及对知晓率的影响研究

Study on the Nursing Effect of Diet Intervention Management Combined with Health Education in Patients with Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Coma

目的研究饮食干预管理联合健康教育在糖尿病酮症酸中毒昏迷患者中的护理效果及对知晓率的影响。方法所选对象为该院2018年10月—2019年10月收治的62例糖尿病酮症酸中毒昏迷患者,以不同的护理方法将其分为观察组(31例)与对照组(31例)。对照组实施常规护理,观察组在对照的基础上实施饮食干预管理联合健康教育,对比两组血糖控制时间、酸中毒纠正时间、住院时间与疾病的知识知晓率。结果观察组的血糖控制时间、酸中毒纠正时间、住院时间分别为(6.12±2.06)d、(5.02±1.07)d、(6.88±2.21)d,对照组的血糖控制时间、酸中毒纠正时间、住院时间分别为(8.23±2.14)d、(7.03±1.11)d、(9.45±2.87)d,观察组的血糖控制时间、酸中毒纠正时间、住院时间均短于对照组(t=3.550、6.520、3.550,P<0.05);观察组的疾病知识知晓率为(96.77%)高于对照组的疾病知识知晓率(80.65%)(χ~2=4.030,P<0.05)。结论饮食干预管理联合健康教育在糖尿病酮症酸中毒昏迷患者中的应用,可以缩短血糖控制、酸中毒纠正时间,提高患者疾病相关知识知晓率,加快患者出院时间。

Objective To study the nursing effect of diet intervention management combined with health education in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis and coma and its influence on the awareness rate. Methods The selected subjects were62 diabetic ketoacidosis patients who were admitted to the hospital from October 2018 to October 2019. They were divided into observation group(31 cases) and control group(31 cases) by different nursing methods. The control group received routine nursing care, and the observation group implemented diet intervention management combined with health education on the basis of the most control. The two groups were compared between the two groups’ blood glucose control time, acidosis correction time, hospital stay and disease awareness rate. Results The blood glucose control time, acidosis correction time,and hospital stay of the observation group were(6.12±2.06) d,(5.02±1.07) d, and(6.88±2.21) d, respectively. The blood glucose control time, acidosis correction time, the length of hospital stay in the control group were(8.23±2.14) d,(7.03±1.11) d,(9.45 ±2.87) d. The blood glucose control time, acidosis correction time, and hospital stay of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group(t =3.550, 6.520, 3.550, P <0.05);the disease knowledge awareness rate of the observation group(96.77%) was higher than that of the control group(80.65%)(χ~2=4.030, P <0.05). Conclusion The application of diet intervention management combined with health education in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis and coma can shorten the time of blood glucose control and acidosis correction, improve the awareness rate of disease-related knowledge of patients, and speed up the discharge time of patients.