食管癌合并糖尿病患者放疗后肺部感染的预防措施及护理策略

Preventive Measures and Nursing Strategies of Lung Infection in Patients with Esophageal Cancer and Diabetes after Radiotherapy

目的探析食管癌合并糖尿病患者放疗后肺部感染的预防措施及护理策略。方法将2019年1—10月在该院接受放疗的54例食管癌合并糖尿病患者作为主要对象,用数字随机表法分组,各27例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组实施综合护理干预,对两组患者的血糖值波动情况、并发症发生率以及护理满意度进行比较。结果护理后两组患者的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖均低于护理前(P<0.05),观察组患者护理后的空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖水平显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的肺部感染发生率、口腔溃疡发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),两组的低血糖发生率、放射性食管炎发生率、酮症酸中毒发生率对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者的护理满意度显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论食管癌合并糖尿病放疗患者接受综合护理干预有利于稳定患者的血糖值,可降低相关并发症的发生率,同时可提高患者的护理满意度。

Objective To analyze the preventive measures and nursing strategies of lung infection in patients with esophageal cancer and diabetes after radiotherapy. Methods 54 patients with esophageal cancer and diabetes mellitus who received radiotherapy in the hospital from January to October 2019 were selected as the main subjects, and were divided into groups with a number random table method, with 27 cases in each group. The control group carried out routine nursing care, and the observation group carried out comprehensive nursing intervention to compare the fluctuation of blood glucose level, the incidence of complications and nursing satisfaction of the two groups of patients. Results After nursing, the fasting blood glucose and 2 h postprandial blood glucose of the two groups were lower than before nursing(P<0.05). The fasting blood glucose and 2 h postprandial blood glucose levels of the observation group after nursing were lower than those of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);lung infection incidence of oral ulcers in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of hypoglycemia, radiation esophagitis, and ketoacidosis between the two groups;the nursing satisfaction of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion The comprehensive nursing intervention for patients with esophageal cancer combined with diabetic radiotherapy is beneficial to stabilize the patient’s blood glucose level, reduce the incidence of related complications, and improve the patient’s nursing satisfaction, which is worthy of promotion.