夏热冬冷地区学校建筑室内温度调查研究

Investigation on Indoor Temperature of School Building in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Area

学生1/3的时间在学校中度过,室内热环境质量关乎学生的健康、幸福感以及成绩,因此学校建筑的室内环境热舒适性尤为重要。世界各地气候差异较大,且人体在自然条件下可以通过调节生理、心理以及行为来适应或改变热环境,导致被调查者对热环境的敏感程度和主观热感觉存在差异,为了更好地研究非稳态工况下人体的热反应,针对夏热冬冷地区学校建筑,主要从室内热环境的温度方面进行适宜室内环境指标文献调研。以03年至今夏热冬冷地区以及国外相似气候区关于学校建筑室内环境的文献和规范为分析资料,以主观实地调研成果和客观的规范指标区间值结合分析,总结出适应于夏热冬冷地区学校室内热环境各项指标舒适范围值,夏季与冬季热舒适温度分别应集中在24.4~29℃、15.8~24.6℃。为以后制定夏热冬冷地区学校建筑室内环境参数指标规范提供有利的理论依据,进而改善学校建筑的室内热环境质量,提高室内环境热舒适度。

Students spend 1/3 of their time in the school,the quality of indoor thermal environment of classroom is related to the health,happiness and performance of students.Therefore,the thermal comfort degree of indoor environment of the school building is particularly important.Climates around the world vary greatly,and the human body can adapt or change the thermal environment by adjusting physiology,psychology,and behavior under natural conditions,resulting in differences in the sensitivity and subjective thermal perception of the respondents to the thermal environment.In order to research the thermal response of the human body under non-steady-state conditions,taken the school buildings in hot summer and cold winter areas as research object,this paper conduct a literature survey mainly on the suitable temperature indicator of indoor thermal environment.The literature and norms of school building indoor environment in hot summer and cold winter areas and foreign similar climate regions from 2003 to present is taken as analysis data,combined analysis of subjective field survey results and objective normative index interval values,the comfort range values of the various indicators of the indoor thermal environment of the regional school in hot summer and cold winter area can be concluded out:the thermal comfort temperature in summer and winter area should be concentrated at 24.4~29℃and 15.8~24.6℃respectively.This study will provide a favorable theoretical basis for the future formulation of school building indoor environmental parameter index specifications in hot summer and cold winter areas,thereby improving the indoor thermal environment quality of school buildings and improving the thermal comfort of the indoor environment.