《基本医疗卫生与健康促进法》的核心价值初探

A preliminary study on the core values of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Promotion of Basic Medical and Health Care

权利、约定和尊严,是《中华人民共和国基本医疗卫生与健康促进法》(以下简称《基本医疗卫生与健康促进法》)最核心的价值取向,其首要的立法主旨即为具化宪法有关公民基本权利的规定。公民基本权利,首要的是人权。生存权是最重要的人权,生存权不仅指生命权本身,还包括维持生命健康的各种必须的条件,因此,生存权必然导出生命健康权,也就必然要求政府确保公民的"基本医疗卫生服务保障权"。在此共识性基点上的社会"约定",即立法予以明确国家的义务。《基本医疗卫生与健康促进法》建基于人权的最重要组成部分健康权,定位于积极人权属性,据以配置国家和各级政府的职责,以及保障机制和措施,辅之以监督与制裁规制,由此推进健康中国战略,奠定小康社会的本底。

Rights,covenants and dignity are the core values of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on the Promotion of Basic Medical and Health Care(“the Law”),and its primary legislative purpose is to embody the provisions of the Constitution on citizens’basic rights.The fundamental rights of citizens are,above all,human rights.The right to existence is the most important human right.It not only refers to the right to life itself,but also includes all kinds of necessary conditions to maintain life and health.Therefore,the right to existence inevitably leads to the right to life and health,which also requires the government to guarantee citizens’rights of basic medical and health services.The social“agreement”on this consensus basis,that is,legislation is used to clarify the state’s realization obligation.The Law is based on the right to health,the most important component of human rights,and defines it as a positive human right attribute.It aims to stipulate the realization responsibilities of the state and all levels of government,as well as safeguard mechanisms and measures,and supervision and sanction regulations,so as to push forward the strategy of a healthy China and lay the foundation for a well⁃off society.