肿瘤科的临终关怀服务:临床医护对服务需求、满足程度与自身知识技能的评估

Hospice care service in oncology department:the assessment of service requirement,satisfaction degree,self⁃knowledge and skills of clinical doctors and nurses

文章旨在了解肿瘤科临床医护人员感知的患者及其家属临终关怀的需要强度、此类需要被满足的程度,以及自身满足此类需要的知识与技能的评估,识别知识技能掌握程度的影响因素,及了解临床医护人员获取相关知识与技能的渠道。对68例肿瘤科临床医护人员进行在线问卷调查。总体而言,肿瘤科医护认为患者及家属的临终关怀需要较强烈,但需要被满足的程度较低,且自身具备的相应知识与技能较为缺乏。具体而言,临床医护认为临终患者的精神、心理需要,患者获得对接纳死亡的需要,及家属的需要得到满足的程度最低,且其自身满足该类需要的能力也更为匮乏。相对于护士及年轻的从业者,医生及年长的从业者自评掌握更多相关知识与技能。医护人员目前所具备的相关知识与技能最主要来自于实践。相关部门需大力推广针对肿瘤科患者的临终关怀服务,建立跨学科的综合服务团队,以及普及学历教育期间针对医学生及护理学生的系统课程。同时,针对年资较低的医护人员的相关在职培训也不可或缺。

The present study aims to understand clinical oncology doctors and nurses perception of the intensity,satisfaction degree and self⁃knowledge of hospice care needs for patients and their families,to identify the influencing factors on knowledge and skills,and to explore the channels for clinical doctors and nurses to acquire relevant knowledge and skills.The authors conducted an online survey on 68 clinical oncology staff.In general,it believed that the mental and psychological needs of dying patients,the needs of patients to accept death,and the needs of their families were met to the lowest extent,as well as their ability to meet such needs was more deficient.Compared with nurses and younger practitioners,doctors and older practitioners thought they had more relevant knowledge and skills.At present,the relevant knowledge and skills of clinical doctors and nurses mainly came from practice.Relevant departments should vigorously promote hospice care services for oncology patients,establish interdisciplinary teams,and enable systematic courses for medical students and nursing students during academic education.Simultaneously,the relevant on⁃the⁃job training for the less experienced staff is also indispensable.