试论乡村振兴中“乡村法治”与“平安乡村”之间的关系——基于陇东地区Q村的田野调查

On the Relationship between Rural Rule of Law and Safe Village in Rural Revitalization——Field Survey Based on Q Village in East Gansu Province

2020年3月,中央全面依法治国委员会印发了《关于加强法治乡村建设的意见》,2020年、2019年中央一号文件及2018年《乡村振兴战略规划》中都对“乡村法治”和“平安乡村”建设进行了独立论述,但并没有阐明二者的理论联系,也没有厘清二者的实践边界,使基层“政法”和乡村“司法”长期界限不清、衔接不当的问题始终存在。“多元调解”的机制导致了“无处救济”的尴尬,基于对Q村为期两年的田野调查,尝试摸清现状、分析原因、找出对策,为“乡村法治”理念的落地探索具体制度。

In March 2020,the Central Committee of comprehensive framework for promoting the rule of law issued the Opinions on Strengthening the Construction of the Rule of Law in Rural Areas.The No.1 Central Document of 2020 and 2019,and the Strategic Plan for Rural Revitalization in 2018 respectively discussed the construction of“rural rule of law”and“peaceful village”,but did not clarify the theoretical connections between the two,nor did they clarify the practical boundaries of the two.The boundary between the grass-roots“administrative law enforcement”and rural“judiciary”is not clear and the problems of improper connection always exist.The mechanism of“multiple mediation”has led to the embarrassment of“no place for relief”.Based on a two-year field survey of Q village,the paper tries to find out the current situation,analyze the reasons and find out the right policies,so as to explore the specific system for the implementation of the concept of“rural rule of law”.