区县资源环境承载力评价指标体系构建及主导限制性因素识别

Construction of the Evaluation Index System and Identification of the Dominant Limiting Factor of the District-county Resource Environmental Bearing Capacity:A Case of Jiangjin District in Chongqing

资源环境承载力评价是落实生态文明建设和新型城镇化发展等国家重大战略的重要举措,更是建立国家空间规划体系、强化国土空间用途管制的重要基础性工作。作为国土空间规划编制的基础,其在明确资源与环境开发利用强度、处理资源和人口关系、明确城镇化空间布局等方面具有重要的理论和现实意义。基于区县尺度资源承载力评价对评价结果精确性及实用性的需求,从自然条件、水资源、土地资源、生态环境、经济条件、社会条件六个层面构建了资源环境承载力评价指标体系,并以重庆市江津区为例,对资源环境承载主要影响因素进行识别,甄别出影响区域社会经济发展、国土空间优化等方面存在的主导限制性因素。分析表明:在影响江津区国土空间优化布局的诸多影响因素中,坡度、地质灾害、建设用地开发强度、永久基本农田占比、生态红线覆盖率等因素是影响江津区布局优化的最主要因素,在国土空间开发保护中需要着重考虑。

The assessment of the resource environmental bearing capacity is an important measure to implement the national major strategies such as the construction of ecological civilization and the development of new urbanization,and it is an important basic work to establish a national space planning system and strengthen the control of land space use.As the compilation basis of land space planning,it has important theoretical and practical significance in defining the development and utilization intensity of resources and environment,dealing with the relationship between resources and population,and specifying the spatial layout of urbanization.Based on the demand for the accuracy and practicability of the results of resource bearing capacity evaluation in the district-county scale,this paper constructed the evaluation index system of resource environmental bearing capacity from six aspects:natural conditions,water resources,land resources,ecological environment,economic conditions,and social conditions.Taking Jiangjin district of Chongqing as an example,the main factors affecting the bearing capacity of resources and environment were distinguished,and the dominant limiting factors affecting the regional socio-economic development and the optimization of land space were identified.The analysis showed that among the factors affecting the layout optimization of land space in Jiangjin district,slope gradient,geologic hazards,development intensity of construction land,proportion of permanent prime cultivated land and coverage rate of ecological red line were the most important ones,which needed to be considered in the development and protection of land space.