高铁时代旅游经济发展的首位驱动力研究

On Primary Driving Force of Tourism Economy Development in High-speed Rail Era

交通区位与资源禀赋一直以来都是驱动区域旅游经济发展的双核。在旅游资源不可移动的前提下,交通通达成为驱动旅游经济发展的引擎。高铁时代,当快速交通成为大部分城市的基础设施之时,交通可达与资源禀赋哪个成为驱动新时代旅游经济发展的首要因素?以湖南省为案例地,基于14个地级城市2003—2017年的经济数据,先后运用双重差分法和面板数据的混合回归对高铁开通及旅游资源质量对旅游经济的影响进行了实证研究。结果表明:(1)高铁开通增加了站点城市游客的访问量,但不会增加旅游收入;(2)旅游资源质量越高的城市,高铁开通后对其旅游发展的促进作用越大,高铁起到了锦上添花的作用;(3)在各类交通体系日益完善的新时代,城市旅游经济的繁荣,首要取决于旅游资源的质量。提出应加强旅游基础设施建设,提高旅游接待能力;开发独特的、高质量的旅游产品,真正留住游客等建议。

Transportation location and resource endowment has always been dual cores driving regional tourism economic development.Under the premise of immovable tourism resources,accessible traffic is the engine that drive the development of the tourism economy.In the high-speed rail era,when fast transportation has become the infrastructure of most cities,which will become the primary factor driving the development of tourism economy in the new era,the traffic accessibility or resource endowment?Based on the economic data of 14 prefecture-level cities from 2003 to 2017,this paper carried out empirical research on the impact of high-speed rail and the quality of tourism resources on the tourism economy based on the mixed regression of difference-in-difference method and panel data.The results showed that:(1)the opening of the high-speed rail increased the number of tourists visiting the city,but did not increase tourism revenue;(2)the higher the quality of tourism resources in cities,the greater the promotion of tourism development after the opening of the high-speed rail,which was the icing on the cake;(3)in the new era of increasingly sophisticated transportation systems,the prosperity of urban tourism economy depended primarily on the quality of tourism resources.Suggestions should be given to strengthen the construction of tourism infrastructure,improve the capacity of tourism reception,and develop unique and high-quality tourism products,which could help to truly retain tourists.