废加氢催化剂中有价金属回收技术研究进展

Research advances on valuable metals recovery from spent hydrogenation catalyst

随着石化行业对加氢催化剂的需求量逐年递增,每年报废的加氢催化剂量也与日俱增。废加氢催化剂中含大量有价金属,其循环利用对于环境保护和资源的高效利用意义重大。针对废加氢催化剂中有价金属的回收,国内外学者开展了大量的研究工作,开发的工艺主要分为湿法、火法和火法湿法联合工艺3大类。详细综述了近年来废加氢催化剂回收的研究进展,重点分析了不同技术的主要过程、原理及其优缺点。针对传统回收技术的不足,提出采用火法还原熔炼将废加氢催化剂中的有价金属富集,并采用湿法工艺处理多金属合金的技术流程。本文对废加氢催化剂回收的发展趋势及前景进行了展望。

The increasing demand for hydrogenation catalysts in the petrochemical industry has led to the increasing amount of scrapped hydrogenation catalysts during these years.The spent hydrogenation catalysts contain a lot of valuable metals,and its cyclic utilization is significant for environmental protection and efficient utilization of resources.Domestic and foreign scholars have carried out a lot of research on the recovery of spent hydrogenation catalysts,and the processes that have been developed are mainly divided into three categories:hydrometallurgical process,pyrometallurgical process and pyro-hydrometallurgical combined process.This paper reviews the research progresses of recycling spent hydrogenation catalysts in recent years,and focuses on the main procedures,principles,advantages and disadvantages of different technologies.In view of the shortcomings of traditional recycling technology,reduction smelting is proposed to enrich valuable metals from spent hydrogenation catalysts,and then hydrometallurgical process is used to recover multi-metal alloy.Finally,the development trend and prospect for the recovery of spent hydrogenation catalyst are discussed.