低温条件下人工湿地中微生物脱氮的强化措施

Enhanced Measures of Microbial Nitrogen Removal in Constructed Wetlands under Low Temperature

人工湿地是一种可持续发展的污水深度处理技术,但是,在低温条件下,人工湿地的脱氮效果并不理想,因此限制了其在中国北方寒冷地区的应用与推广。研究表明,微生物活性受到抑制、溶解氧和碳源含量减小是人工湿地微生物低温脱氮的主要挑战;在低温条件下,人工湿地微生物脱氮的主要强化措施包括保温、调控人工湿地内溶解氧水平及分布、人工增加电子供体、优化进水碳氮比和筛选耐低温微生物等。

Constructed wetlands are one of the most promising sustainable advanced wastewater treatment technologies,however,poor nitrogen removal performance under low temperature conditions has impeded their practical applications,particularly in the northern China with cold climate.This review suggested that insufficient microbial activities as well as limited dissolved oxygen and carbon sources are the main challenges for nitrogen removal under low temperature conditions in constructed wetlands.Besides,aiming at providing reference for the practical constructed wetlands operation,a comprehensive review was performed on augment of nitrogen removal under low temperature conditions,including achieving heat preservation,manipulating dissolved oxygen level and distribution,adding electronic donors,optimizing carbon-to-nitrogen ratio in influent and screening low-temperature-resistant microorganisms.