西方人的中医观与北京协和医学院的建立

The Western View of Chinese Traditional Medicine and the Establishment of PUMC

医学不仅仅是一种应用性科学,还是一个民族宗教传统和哲学体系的深刻反映。在近代中西文化发生激烈碰撞的过程中,医学也成为不同文化相互观照的重要阵地,成为负载特殊使命的工具。作为中国现代医学及其教育体系之滥觞的北京协和医学院,其建立是传教士医生奠基以及洛克菲勒基金会三次派出考察团考察的结果。在此过程中,以传教士医生及考察团成员为代表的西方人对19世纪末20世纪初中国的医疗卫生环境进行了详尽的观照及建构,这套话语体系成为洛克菲勒基金会最终决定投资创建北京协和医学院的重要动因。

Medicine is not only an applied science,but also a profound reflection of a national religious tradition and philosophical system.In the process of fierce collision between China and the West in modern times,medicine has not only become an important position for different cultures to look at each other,but also become a tool with a special mission.With the changes of the times,the mission has gradually shifted from religious communication to the construction of a value sequence and a discourse that supports colonial legitimacy.As the origin of Chinese modern medicine and medical education system,Peking Union Medical College was established as the result of three missions sent by Rockefeller Foundation.In this process,Westerners,represented by missionary doctors and members of the Commission,made a detailed observation and construction of the medical and health environment in China at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century.This discourse system became an important motivation for the Rockefeller Foundation's final decision to invest in the establishment of Peking Union Medical College.