走向新中国:20世纪50年代的中国电影文化

Towards New China: Chinese Film Culture in 1950s

新中国成立后,一方面要追求国家的现代化、工业化;另一方面又要避免资本主义式的现代化、工业化,避免产生两极分化、社会垄断、分配不均、生态危机等现代化发展过程中的诸多矛盾。这就使新中国文化带有两面性,对现代化、工业化的高度推崇和对资本主义现代化的强烈批判,20世纪50年代的中国电影处在这种工业化、现代化的文化结构中。从新中国创立之初的挑战、左翼电影向人民电影的转型和不可见的主题变得可见这三个角度来分析人民电影的基本特质,有助于在新的历史条件下反思社会主义文化的形成过程和发展逻辑。

After the founding of new China,on the one hand,it is necessary to pursue the modernization and industrialization of the country,on the other hand,it is necessary to avoid capitalist modernization and industrialization,and to avoid many spears and shields in the process of modernization development,such as polarization,social monopoly,uneven distribution and ecological crisis.This leads to the two sides of new Chinese culture,the high worship of modernization and industrialization,and the strong criticism of capitalist modernization.Chinese films in the 1950s are in such an industrialized and modern cultural structure.This paper mainly analyzes the basic characteristics of people's films from three perspectives:the challenge at the beginning of the founding of new China,the transformation from left-wing films to people's films,and the theme of“invisible”becoming“visible”,which helps to reflect on the formation and development of socialist culture under the new historical conditions Logic development.