常州市区学龄前儿童家长视力保健知信行调查分析

Investigation and Analysis on knowledge,attitudeand practice of visioncare among par⁃ents of Preschool Children in Changzhou Urban

目的:调查分析常州市区学龄前儿童家长关于儿童视力保健的知识知晓情况、行为态度,为儿童视力保健干预提供依据。方法:2019年1-3月,共选取常州市区75所托幼机构的学龄前儿童家长作为调查对象。采用自行设计的电子版学龄前儿童视力保健家长问卷进行调查,并对其视力保健知识、态度行为等因素进行统计分析。结果:本次调查共得到有效问卷11494份(有效率99.3%),学龄前儿童视力异常人数1284人(发生率11.2%)。家长对于学龄前儿童视力保健知识知晓情况较好,知晓家长的儿童视力异常发生率显著低于未知的;家长在儿童发生视力异常后不愿配合医生配镜的儿童视力异常发生率高于愿意配合者;不挑食儿童的视力异常发生率最低为9.9%,挑食种类为蔬菜类的儿童视力异常发生率最高为13.2%;入睡时间越晚的儿童视力异常发生率越高;儿童接触电子产品年龄越小视力异常发生率越高,每次使用电子产品时间超过60分钟以上视力异常率最高为14.4%,看电视的距离小于1米的儿童视力异常发生率最高达15.7%;从不户外活动及每周活动少于3天的儿童视力异常发生率最高,且各组间差异具有统计学意义。结论:本调查发现常州市区学龄前儿童家长对于儿童视力保健知识、态度及行为方面均存在不足。应关注对儿童、家长及老师三个人群进行全方面的干预。

Objective:To investigate and analysis the current situation of knowledge,attitude and practice towards vision care of pre⁃school children’s parents in Changzhou Urban,and to provide evidence for children’s vision health intervention.Methods:From Janu⁃ary to March 2019,to select the parents of preschool children from 75 kindergartens in Changzhouurban as the survey targets.A selfdesigned electronic questionnaire for parents of vision care for preschool children was used for investigation,and statistical analysis was conducted on factors such as vision care knowledge,attitude and behavior.Results:A total of 11,494 valid questionnaires(effec⁃tive rate 99.3%)were obtained in this survey.Thenumber of preschool children with abnormal vision was 1,284(incidence rate 11.2%).Parents know the knowledge of preschool children’s vision care well,and the incidence of abnormal vision in children in the awareness group is significantly lower than that in the unknown group;Children who are unwilling to cooperate with doctors after the oc⁃currence of abnormal vision in children have a higher incidence of abnormal vision than those who are willing to cooperate;The lowest incidence of abnormal vision of children who are not picky eaters is 9.9%,and the highest incidence of abnormal vision of children who are picky eaters of vegetables is 13.2%;the higher the incidence of abnormal vision of children who fall asleep later;The younger chil⁃dren are exposed to electronic products,the higher the incidence of abnormal vision,the highest visual abnormality rate is 14.4%for each use of electronic products for more than 60 minutes,and the highest incidence of abnormal visual acuity for children who watch TV less than 1 meter away is 15.7%;Children who never have outdoor activities nor weekly activities less than 3 days had the highest incidence of abnormal vision,and the differencesduring the groups were statistically significant.Conclusions:This survey found that parents of preschool children in Changzhou urban have insufficient knowledge,attitudes and behaviors on children’s vision care.Atten⁃tion should be paid to all-round interventions for children,parents and teachers.