基于ENVI-met情景模拟的“冷岛型”城市森林设计方法

“Cold Island”Urban Forest Design Method Based on Envi-met Scenario Simulation

文章以秦皇岛海滨森林公园的规划设计为例,对以调节热岛效应和人体舒适度为目标的城市森林公园设计方法进行研究。通过Landsat8卫星遥感数据对ENVI-met模型进行校核以确保其准确性,再用ENVI-met软件对开发前、后森林公园周边及内部环境的温度、湿度和风速进行模拟。结果表明:通风廊道的建立、内部景观要素的营造,以及根据环境因子选择场地的设计方法,可以使开发后场地西部及北部的城区温度降低1℃~2℃、场地内部温度降低2℃~3℃、平均湿度增加2%RH、通风廊道最大风速提高0.5 m/s;场地不适指数由原来的18.98降低至16.17,表明该设计方法对热岛效应和舒适度具有调节作用。

The paper studies the design method of urban forest park in order to achieve the heat island effect regulation and human comfort with the planning and design of Qinhuangdao Seashore Forest Park as an example.The Envi-met model is used to simulate the temperature,humidity and wind speed of the surrounding and internal environment of the park before and after development after it is calibrated with Landsat8 satellite remote sensing data.The results show that through the establishment of ventilation on the layout structure corridor,the internal landscape elements building,and the design method that selects sites in accordance with environmental factors can reduce the temperature of the western and northern parts of the site by 1~2℃and the temperature inside the site by 2~3℃,increase the average humidity by 2%RH,increase the maximum wind speed along the ventilated corridor by 0.5 m/s,and decrease the venue discomfort index from 18.98 to 16.17.This suggests that the design method plays an adjusting role in heat island effect and comfort.