“商标使用”在商标权边境保护中的认定及意义

Determination and Significance of"Trademark Application"in Border Protection of Trademark Rights

商标法意义上的"商标使用"包括主客观两方面的四个构成要素,不以识别商品来源为目的的行为,不属于规范意义上的"商标使用"。满足全部构成要素,只是商标侵权的必要条件而非充分条件。司法实践最新确认涉外定牌加工行为构成商标侵权,商标混淆的地域范围不再是阻却违法性的抗辩事由。商标权边境保护中的行政处理应考虑商标在域外识别商品来源的"可能性"。

The"trademark application",under the trademark law of China,consists of four essential elements,which involve both subjective and objective aspects.Any"application"without the intent to identify the sources of commercial products should not be deemed as legitimate"trademark application".Furthermore,meeting all four essential elements is merely the prerequisite of trademark infringement.The latest legal practices show that in the case of trade infringement in OEM concerning foreign trade,the trademark confusion based on geographical differences is no longer a ground of defense in such matters.Administrative officials handling border protection of trademark rights should start considering the"possibility"of identifying sources of commercial products through trademark in foreign countries.