草地绿色承载力概念及其在国家公园中的应用框架

Concept of grassland green carrying capacity and its application framework in national park

针对国家公园,在草地承载力的基础上,从如何解决野生动物种群多样性与繁衍兴盛,实现禁牧减畜后的牧民脱贫致富,保障不断增长的生态体验或旅游经济发展需求的视角出发,以生态功能维护+草畜平衡+生态体验为架构,提出草地绿色承载力概念;从生态系统支撑条件、草地生产力、野生动物与家畜承载规模、农牧民与生态体验人口承载规模、监测预警5个维度,构建草地绿色承载力评价体系;提出三江源国家公园草地绿色承载力应用框架,以期为科学制定建设规划和发展目标,推动三江源国家公园生态保护与区域可持续发展提供理论依据。

A concept of grassland green carrying capacity was proposed with considerations to national park based on grassland carrying capacity.A conceptual framework of grassland green carrying capacity composed of ecological functional maintaining+forage⁃livestock balance+ecological experience to solve problems of how to solve population diversity and reproduction of wild animals,improve living standards of herdsman after the implementation of reduced⁃livestock and forbidden⁃grazing policy,and protect the increasing ecological experience or tourism economic development demands.Moreover,an evaluation index system of grassland green carrying capacity was constructed from five perspectives of supporting conditions of ecosystem,grassland productivity,carrying capacity scale of wild animals and livestock,and carrying capacity scale of peasants,herdsmen and ecological experience population,and monitoring and warning.A case study based on the Three⁃River⁃Source National Park was carried out.Research conclusions provide theoretical references to formulate scientific construction plans and development goals,and promote ecological protection and sustainable regional development of the Three⁃River⁃Source National Park.