长江经济带自然保护地边界重叠关系及整合对策分析

Overlapping relationship of the protected area boundary in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and its integration countermeasures

我国自然保护地类型多样,级别成体系,但由于我国自然保护地一直存在多头管理、权限不清等原因,导致边界混乱、重叠严重。对我国自然保护地空间分布和重叠情况进行梳理是构建以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系的重要基础,能为我国新型自然保护地的科学选址和优化整合提供有效依据。长江经济带作为我国生态、生活、生产均十分重要的区域,其生态保护具有重要的屏障作用。收集了长江经济带11省份建设开展较成熟的6类自然保护地矢量边界2383个,通过构建重叠关系模型,深入分析了不同类型自然保护地间的边界重叠关系,并针对重叠情况提出系统化对策,结果表明:(1)保护地之间具有重叠关系的数量达1296个,占已获取保护地边界总数的54.4%;重叠部分面积达29728.4 km2,占已获取自然保护地总面积的11.4%;总体呈现为西部重叠面积大、数量多,中部重叠数量多,东部重叠面积小的特点。(2)从重叠区域看,有一次重叠区域的保护地有1138组,有两次重叠区域的有249组,有三次重叠区域的有17组,无四次及以上重叠区域。(3)从重叠关系看,与其他5个及以上保护地有重叠的保护地有56个。(4)通过对重叠区域和关系的分析与政策研究,提出针对不同重叠特性的整合对策,包括勘界调整、合并和类型整合等,并将重叠热点区域提取,以期为自然保护地整合和国家公园建设提供数据支撑,为当前中国自然保护地体系改革的紧迫需求提供参考。

There are various types of natural protected areas in China,and the level of protected area is systematic.But due to multi-management and unclear authority,the borders of natural protected areas were confused and overlapped seriously.Making the spatial distribution and overlapping of natural protected areas clear in China is an important basis for constructing the system of natural protected areas dominated by national parks,which can provide an effective basis for the scientific optimization and integration of new natural protected areas in China.The Yangtze river economic belt plays an important role in ecological protection,being as an important area of ecology,life and production in China,the previous problems are still obvious.In our study,a total of 2383 vector boundaries of 6 types of natural protected areas in 11 provinces of the Yangtze River economic belt were collected.Based on the overlapping relationship model,the boundary overlapping relationships between different types of natural protected areas are analyzed,and the systematic suggestions are further given.The results are as following:(1)The number of overlapping relationships among natural protected areas is 1296,which accounts for 54.4%of the total number of boundaries of acquired protected land.The overlapping area is 29728.4 square kilometers,accounting for 11.4%of the total area of the acquired natural protected area.In general,there have large of overlapping areas in the west and the middle part of China,yet small overlapping area in the east of China as well.(2)In terms of the groups of relative overlap areas,there are 1138 groups of natural protected areas with one overlap,249 groups with two overlaps,17 groups with three overlaps,and no four or more overlaps.(3)In terms of the numbers of absolute overlap areas,there are numbers of 56 natural protected areas which overlap with other 5 or more natural protected areas synchronously,and the Dabie Mountain National Geopark with the largest number of overlaps with other 15 natural protected areas.(4)On the base of analysis and policy research of the overlapping areas,we put forward the integration strategies for different characteristics of overlapping areas,including boundary adjustment,consolidation and type integration,and extracts overlapping hot spots,which expect to provide data support for the integration of natural reserves and the construction of national parks,and also provide a reference scheme to the urgent needs of ongoing reform of China′s natural protected areas system.