放射导致小鼠味觉细胞损伤与放射模式关系研究

Study of the relationship between radiation-induced taste cell injury and radiation mode in mice

目的探讨放射导致小鼠舌组织中增殖细胞和味觉细胞损伤与放射模式的关系。方法对成年C57/bl小鼠头颈部分别进行1、2、3次8Gy放射,分别在照后第2、4、7、14天处死;取舌轮廓乳头组织,4μm厚度冷冻切片,使用不同特异标记分子行免疫组化法标记舌上皮细胞。观察小鼠受照后的增殖细胞、Ⅱ型味觉细胞数量在不同放射模式下不同时间的变化情况,探讨不同放射剂量模式对味觉细胞的影响。结果增殖细胞数量在照射后第2天明显下降,第4天迅速回升至正常水平,与剂量模式无关。Ⅱ型味觉细胞数量在8Gy 1次照射后第2天出现低谷,8Gy 2次、8Gy 3次照射后第4天降至最低,第7天缓慢回升。结论放射可使增殖细胞先降后快速恢复正常,可使Ⅱ型味觉细胞损伤后缓慢修复。高剂量放射后由于具有增殖功能的前体细胞的减少,导致味觉功能细胞数量的同步下降,可能是放疗后味觉功能障碍长久不能恢复的原因。

Objective To investigate the relationship between radiation mode and radiation-induced taste cell injury in mouse models.Methods The head and neck of adult C57/bl mice were exposed to 8 Gy irradiation for 1,2 and 3 times and sacrificed at 2,4,7 and 14 d after irradiation.Frozen sections of taste papilla tissues were treated with specific markers by immunohistochemical staining.The changes of proliferative cells and the number of typeⅡtaste cells at different time points under different radiation modes were observed.The effect of different radiation dose patterns upon the taste cells was assessed.Results The count of proliferative cells was decreased significantly on the 2nd day after radiation,and rapidly recovered to normal level on the 4th day after radiation,which was not correlated with the dose mode.The number of typeⅡtaste cells was decreased on the 2nd day of the first 8 Gy radiation,decreased to the lowest on the 4th day of the second and third 8 Gy radiation,and rose slowly on the 7th day.Conclusions Radiation can initially decrease and subsequently increase the number of proliferative cells to normal range.Besides,it can gradually repair the typeⅡtaste cell injury.After high-dose irradiation,the decrease of progenitor cells with proliferative function leads to a synchronous decrease in the number of taste function cells,which may be the reason why taste dysfunction cannot be recovered for a long time after radiotherapy.