国外机动车排放模型综述研究

Study and analysis on vehicle emission models abroad

机动车排放已经成为城市大气环境污染来源的重要组成部分,机动车排放模型的开发是表征机动车排放量和排放特征的重要方法,可为机动车排放控制和大气环境管理提供技术支撑。本文对比研究了在不同历史发展阶段欧美等发达国家和地区开发的MOBILE、COPERT、MOVES、IVE等各种类型机动车排放模型,分析了各类模型的优缺点及其适用性。研究表明,机动车排放模型研究发展的方向已由宏观尺度逐步转向中等、微观尺度,排放模拟也由静态清单开发逐步转向动态过程排放测算。

Vehicle emissions have become one of the main sources of urban air pollution.The development of vehicle emission models is an important way to characterize motor vehicle emissions,which can provide technical support for vehicles emission control and atmospheric environmental management.Various motor vehicle emission models developed by different countries at different historical stages were studied in detail.The advantages,disadvantages and applicability of various models were analyzed.The study showed that the trend of vehicle emission models’development has gradually shifted from macro models to medium and micro models.The direction of vehicle emission simulation has changed from static emission inventory development to real road transient emission simulation.