论莫言小说的逆向身体美学书写

On the Reverse Somaesthetics Writing of Mo Yan’s Novels

莫言小说中有大量关于身体的叙述,这些叙事体现了莫言独特的身体美学(身体感性学),它与从尼采到梅洛-庞蒂到福柯的身体美学所强调的身体性爱的训练、身心不可分割性和极端性体验不同,也与舒斯特曼身体美学所致力的身体训练与美化追求不同,而是采取了一种"逆向身体美学"之维,即通过对身体处于被动状态下所遭受的饥饿、恐惧、酷刑、濒死等种种磨难、苦难的叙事而把身体美学推向了一个极其残酷的令人震惊的境地,深刻揭示了人类的身—心所能遭遇的极致性经验。这种逆向身体美学叙事透出了莫言深切的忧思和悲悯情怀。

In Mo Yan’s novels,there are lots of narrations about body,which embodies his unique somaesthetics(somatosensation).It is different from the somaesthetics from Nietzsche to Merleau-Ponty to Foucault,which stresses the training of the love for body,the integration of body and mind,and the extreme experience.It is also different from Shusterman’s somaesthetics,which focuses on the physical training and beautification pursuit.Mo Yan has adopted a"dimension of reverse somaesthetics":through the narration of all kinds of body sufferings such as hunger,fear,torture and dying in a passive state,the somaesthetics is pushed to an extremely cruel and startled situation.It can therefore reveal the extreme experience that human body and mind is suffering in a profound way.The reverse somaesthetic narrative shows Mo Yan’s deep sorrow and compassion.