不同施氮水平对鲜食玉米产量及氮素吸收的影响

Effects of Different Nitrogen Application on Fresh Corn Yield and Nitrogen Absorption

在天津市玉米良种场进行了田间小区试验,研究不同氮肥用量对鲜食玉米产量及养分吸收的影响。研究结果表明:(1)施用氮肥可以显著提高鲜食玉米产量及干物质量,与对照(CK)处理相比较,产量提高1575 kg·hm^-2~3500 kg·hm^-2,增幅11.43%~22.43%;干物质量提高1363.5 kg·hm^-2~2385.1 kg·hm^-2,增幅21.66%~37.88%;施氮量为195 kg·hm^-2时,鲜食玉米产量及干物质量最高,为17500 kg·hm^-2,8680.9 kg·hm^-2,比对照(CK)处理增产22.43%和37.88%;(2)施用氮肥可以显著提高鲜食玉米氮吸收量,当施氮量为195 kg·hm^-2时,氮素吸收量最高,施氮量为234 kg·hm^-2时与其相仿;(3)随施氮量的增加,鲜食玉米氮肥利用率逐渐降低,施氮量为195 kg·hm^-2时,鲜食玉米氮肥利用率为20.55%。因此,综合产量、干物质量,氮素吸收量、氮肥利用率等指标在本试验条件下施氮量为195 kg·hm^-2时效果最佳。

A field plot experiment was arranged in the corn farm in Tianjin,to study the effect of different nitrogen fertilizers on fresh corn yield and nutrient absorption.The results showed as follow:(1)The application of nitrogen fertilizer could significantly increase the yield and dry matter weight of fresh corn.Compared with the treatment without nitrogen fertilizer(CK),the yield increased by 1575~3500 kg·hm^-2,11.43%~22.43%;the dry matter weight increased by 1363.5~2385.1 kg·hm^-2,21.66%~37.88%;When the amount of nitrogen applied was 195 kg·hm^-2,the fresh corn yield and dry matter weight were the highest,which were 17500 kg·hm^-2 and 8680.9 kg·hm^-2,compared with CK,which increased 22.43% and 37.88%.(2)The application of nitrogen fertilizer could significantly increase the nitrogen absorption of fresh corn.When the nitrogen application was 195 and 234 kg·hm^-2,the nitrogen absorption was the same.(3)With the increase of nitrogen application rate,nitrogen use efficiency gradually decreased.When the nitrogen application rate was 195 kg·hm^-2,nitrogen use efficiency was 20.55%.Therefore,under this test condition,nitrogen application rate was 195 kg·hm^-2,it can obtain the highest yield,dry matter,nitrogen absorption of fresh corn.