体位对下肢静脉血流动力学的影响

Effect of body position on the hemodynamics of lower extremity vein

目的观察不同体位对下肢静脉血流动力学的影响。方法本研究为单中心非随机对照研究,采用方便抽样选取健康女性15名,通过下肢静脉彩超检测受试者在平卧位,床尾斜坡位抬高15°、30°、45°,床尾四边形体位抬高15°、30°、45°,床头抬高30°、45°、60°,4类(10种)不同的体位下股总静脉血流速并进行比较。结果不同的体位下不同角度时股总静脉血流速差异有统计学意义(P<0.05):斜坡位45°>斜坡位30°>斜坡位15°=四边形体位30°>四边形体位15°=四边形体位45°>平卧位>床头30°>床头45°=床头60°。结论在本研究所设定的体位中,斜坡位床尾抬高45°能最有效地促进下肢静脉血液的回流,四边形体位床尾抬高时不利于下肢远端静脉血液的回流,床头抬高会阻碍下肢静脉血液回流。

Objective To observe the impacts of different postures on the hemodynamics of lower extremity vein.Methods In this single center non-randomized controlled study in 15 healthy female volunteers,the hemodynamic changes in the common femoral vein were detected by color Doppler ultrasound at 10 different postures:supine position,slope positions with bed end elevated at 15°,30°and 45°,trapezoidal positions with bed end elevated at 15°,30°and 45°,and positions with bed head elevated at 30°,45°and 60°.Results Different postures resulted in significant differences in the velocity of blood flow in the common femoral vein(P<0.05),with slope position at 45°>slope position at 30°>slope position at 15°=trapezoidal position at 30°>trapezoidal position at 15°=trapezoidal position at 45°>supine position>position with bed head elevated at 30°>position with bed head elevated at 45°=position with bed head elevated at 60°.Conclusions In the postures observed in this study,the slope position with bed end elevated at 45°can promote the most effectively the blood reflux in the lower extremity vein,the trapezoidal positions with bed end elevated may not facilitate the distal blood reflux in the lower extremity vein,and positions with bed head elevated may hinder the blood reflux in the lower extremity vein.