对人工智能(AI)“侵入”审美的理论反思

A Theoretical Reflection on the“Intrusion”of Artificial Intelligence(AI)into Aesthetics

人工智能的时代正在到来,甚至已经“侵入”审美领域。人工智能的“侵入”是真正颠覆性的,必须通过反思来重新认识审美与艺术的人类学意义,为人工智能时代未雨绸缪,构建新型的审美文化。在艺术中,审美情感具有本体性地位。在审美情感的表达上,人工智能难以逾越之处在于:对于叙事性作品而言,审美情感的表达过于复杂。我们不可忽略人工智能在审美情感表达上的可能前途,但我们可以凭借情感表达的个性化、复杂化去应对人工智能。在人工智能时代,人工智能对劳动实践领域的功利性问题的解决能力是无可匹敌的,而运用马克思主义的观点,可以观察出人工智能在审美上的困境,那就是难以达到人的本质力量对象化的全面化。即使人工智能创造了一个伟大的作品,它也只是解决了人的审美欣赏需要,而不能解决人的审美表达的需要。艺术恰恰是人的非功利性欲望的最大表达,它是不应该被消灭的,否则人性的自由就要打折扣了。

The approaching era of Artificial Intelligence(AI)has even‘intruded’into the aesthetic field.The‘intrusion’of AI is truly subversive,and we must rethink the anthropological significance of aesthetics and art,in order to prepare for the AI era and build a new type of aesthetic culture.In art,aesthetic emotion is located in an ontological status.In terms of narrative works,the expression of aesthetic emotions is often too complicated for AI to surpass.We cannot ignore the possible future of AI in the expression of aesthetic emotion,but we can cope with AI by virtue of the individualization and complication of emotional expression.In the age of AI,its ability to solve utilitarian problems in the realm of labor practice is unrivaled,and applying Marxist perspective,one can observe that the aesthetic dilemma of AI lays in the difficulty in reaching the full extent of the objectification of the essential human force.Even if the AI creates a great work of art,it only solves the need for human aesthetic appreciation,not the need for human aesthetic expression.Art is precisely the greatest expression of man’s non-utilitarian desires,and it should not be eliminated,for if it is,the freedom of humanity will be compromised.