防蚊水膜对淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊幼虫的实验室防治效果观察

Efficacy of anti-mosquito film against Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus larvae in laboratory

目的观察89%聚二甲基硅氧烷防蚊水膜对2种蚊幼虫室内防治效果。方法在实验室条件下,淡色库蚊和白纹伊蚊各龄期幼虫、蛹期及产卵期等各阶段的生长水体中,加入不同剂量的89%聚二甲基硅氧烷形成防蚊膜,观察蚊幼虫死亡情况、羽化情况和产卵情况。结果当89%聚二甲基硅氧烷防蚊水膜在使用剂量为1 ml/m^2时,对淡色库蚊Ⅲ、Ⅳ龄幼虫和蛹的杀灭率分别在72、24和4 h达到100%,对白纹伊蚊Ⅲ、Ⅳ龄幼虫和蛹的杀灭率分别在120、72和24 h达到100%。且雌蚊在滴加防蚊水膜的水面产卵时易落入水中溺水死亡,无法完成产卵。在1 ml/m^2的使用剂量下,防蚊水膜对淡色库蚊幼虫和蛹的杀灭率达90%以上可持续3~4周,对白纹伊蚊幼虫和蛹的杀灭率达90%以上可持续2周。结论 89%聚二甲基硅氧烷防蚊水膜作用于蚊生命周期多个阶段,可与其他防治手段互为补充。

Objective To observe the anti-mosquito efficacy of 89% polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) liquid film to Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus larvae in laboratory.Methods The water with mosquitoes of different larval instars,pupal and oviposition stages were treated with different dose of 89% PDMS liquid anti-mosquito film,and the larvae and pupae mortality,eclosion and oviposition of Culex pipiens pallens and Aedes albopictus reared in laboratory were observed.Results The laboratory test showed that 100% mortality against the third instar and the fourth instar larvae and pupae of Culex pipiens pallens was achieved respectively in 72,24 and 4 hours when the water was treated with 89% PDMS at the dose of 1 ml/m^2.And the liquid anti-mosquito film treatment also caused 100% mortality of the third instar and the fourth instar larvae and pupae of Aedes albopictus in 120,72 and 24 hours respectively.The female adult mosquitoes were more likely to fall into the water treated with liquid anti-mosquito film and drown when ovipositing.The efficacy(more than 90% mortality) of liquid anti-mosquito film treatment(1 ml/m^2) against larvae and pupae of Culex pipiens pallens could last 3—4 weeks.For Aedes albopictus,it could last 2 weeks.Conclusion The 89% PDMS liquid anti-mosquito film was effective against all immature stages,especially the pupal stage mosquitoes,and could be included in mosquitoes control program.