2017-2019年克拉玛依市蟑螂种类及其季节消长与侵害调查

Investigation on cockroach species,seasonal fluctuation and infestation in Karamay City from 2017 to 2019

目的了解克拉玛依市2017—2019年蟑螂种群构成、季节消长及不同生境蟑螂密度,为蟑螂防治提供科学依据。方法采用粘捕法分别在农贸市场、超市、宾馆、餐饮店、医院和居民区等不同环境中进行蟑螂种群、密度及季节消长调查,收集整理2017—2019年调查结果进行种群构成比、季节消长以及不同监测环境密度和侵害率的分析。结果克拉玛依市有2种蟑螂分布,分别为德国小蠊和美洲大蠊,其中德国小蠊为优势种群,占99.26%,美洲大蠊占0.74%。蟑螂以7—10月为活动高峰期,7月平均侵害率高达19.42%,密度为3.10只/张。餐饮业受蟑螂危害最为严重,侵害率为26.95%,其次为居民区,侵害率为15.90%、农贸市场侵害率为13.62%、宾馆侵害率为12.13%。结论德国小蠊为克拉玛依市优势种,应列为防治重点。

Objective To understand the population composition,seasonal fluctuation and density of cockroaches in different habitats in Karamay from 2017 to 2019,so as to provide scientific basis for cockroach control.Methods The population,density and seasonal fluctuation of cockroaches were investigated in different environments such as farmer’s markets,supermarkets,hotels,restaurants,hospitals and residential areas.The results of the investigation from 2017 to 2019 were collected to analyze the population composition ratio,seasonal fluctuation and different monitoring environmental density and infestation rate.Results There were two species of cockroaches,Blattella germanica and Periplaneta americana,in Karamay City.Blattella germanica was the dominant population accounting for 99.26%,while Periplaneta americana accounted for 0.74%.The activity peak of cockroaches was from July to October,and both the highest average infestation rate of 19.42% and the highest density of 3.10 insects per piece of stick paper occurred in July.The catering industry suffered the most from cockroaches,with the infestation rate of 26.95%,followed by residential areas(15.90%),farmers’ markets(13.62%) and hotels(12.13%).Conclusion Blattella germanica is the dominant species in Karamay City,which should be regarded as the key object of control.