早熟棉新品系的主要性状分析与优异品系筛选

Analysis of main agronomic traits of new early-maturing cotton lines and selection of elite varieties

[目的]筛选适宜长江流域种植的早熟、高产、优质棉花新品系。[方法]利用变异性、简单相关性和聚类分析对63份早熟棉新品系的12个主要农艺性状进行比较分析。[结果]63份早熟棉新品系性状间的变异系数在0.83%~23.03%之间,成铃数变异系数最大(23.03%),伸长率最小(0.83%);相关分析表明,籽棉产量与生育期、株高、成铃数、铃重、马克隆值和整齐度指数呈正相关;通过生育期与株型性状、产量性状、品质性状的聚类分析,筛选出13份早熟材料、4份高产材料和15份优质材料。[结论]综合评价筛选出1份早熟高产优质棉材料、1份早熟较高产优质棉材料和2份较早熟较高产优质棉材料,这4份材料有望培育成长江流域早熟陆地棉示范推广品种。

[Purpose]To screen new early-maturing,high yielding,and high quality cotton lines which are suitable for planting in the Yangtze River Basin.[Method]Using variability,simple correlation and cluster analysis,12 agronomic traits of 63 newly intro-duced early maturing cotton lines were compared and analyzed.[Result]The coefficients of variation of traits among the 63 early-maturing cotton lines ranged from 0.83%to 23.03%.The coefficient of variation of boll number(23.03%)was the largest,and the elongation(0.83%)was the smallest.Correlation analysis showed that the yield of seed cotton was positively correlated with growth period,plant height,boll number,boll weight,micronaire value,and length uniformity index.Through clustering of growth period and plant type traits,yield traits,and quality traits.13 early-maturing,4 high yielding and 15 high quality cotton lines were select-ed.[Conclusion]Based on comprehensive evaluation,one early-maturing,high yielding,and high quality cotton line,one early-maturing,comparatively high yielding and high quality cotton line,and two comparatively early-maturing,comparatively high yield-ing,and high quality cotton lines were selected.These four elite cotton lines are expected to be the demonstration and extension vari-eties of early-maturing upland cotton in the Yangtze River Basin.