社会养老保险对家庭生活消费的影响: 基于CHARLS数据的实证研究

The Impact of Social Endowment Insurance on Family Life Consumption:an Empirical Study Based on CHARLS Data

为探讨社会养老保险对家庭生活消费的影响,本文基于2013年中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,运用多元线性回归模型和tobit模型实证研究社会养老保险对家庭生活消费产生的影响。实证结果表明:加入控制变量前,参保家庭比未参保家庭的生活消费支出要高12.8%;加入其他控制变量后,参保家庭比未参保家庭的生活消费支出高出25.5%;相比于参与企业养老保险、新农保等其他类型养老保险,参与政府或事业单位养老保险能显著增加家庭生活消费支出。在家庭消费结构方面,是否参与养老保险对两类消费结构无显著影响;参与社会养老保险均未显著提升家庭耐用消费品占比,但参与保障水平相对较高的政府或事业单位养老保险、企业养老保险分别会导致家庭享受型消费显著增加0.13%、0.057%。本文的研究不仅有助于理解居民家庭的消费行为,而且为优化社会养老保险结构提供了政策建议。

In order to explore the impact of social pension insurance on family life consumption,this paper used the multiple linear regression model and tobit model to empirically study the impact of social life insurance on family life consumption based on the 2013 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)data.The empirical results show that before the control variable is added,the living expenses of the insured households are 12.8%higher than that of the uninsured households.After adding other control variables,the living expenses of households which participated in the insurance are 25.5%higher than the un⁃insured households.What’s more,participating in government or institution pension insurance can signifi⁃cantly increase households’living expenses compared to other types of pension insurance such as enterprise pension insurance and new rural social pension insurance.In terms of household consumption structure,wheth⁃er or not to participate in pension insurance has no significant effect on the two types of consumption struc⁃ture.Participating in any type of social pension insurance has not significantly increased the proportion of household durable goods consumption expenditure.However,participating in relatively high level protection in⁃surance,such as the government or institution pension insurance and enterprise pensions,which will result in a significant increase in family enjoyment consumption portion of 0.13%and 0.057%.The research in this pa⁃per will not only help to understand the consumption behavior of households,but also provide policy recom⁃mendations for optimizing the structure of social pension insurance.