呼吸运动的控制在肿瘤放射治疗中的应用

Application of respiratory movement control in tumor radiotherapy

随着精确放疗时代的到来,呼吸运动造成的目标肿瘤移位成为影响胸腹部肿瘤治疗,尤其是胸部肿瘤精确放疗疗效的一大因素。放疗的精准性主要体现在肿瘤靶区受到高照射剂量,而周围正常组织的照射剂量减到最低,最大限度保护正常组织免受放射性损伤。目前临床上常用的减弱呼吸运动的方法主要有腹部压迫技术、呼吸门控技术、屏气技术及同步动态追踪技术。其中,呼吸门控技术及屏气技术最为多见,本文主要介绍这两种技术在胸腹部肿瘤放射治疗中控制呼吸运动的应用及效果。

With the advent of the era of precise radiotherapy,the target tumor displacement caused by respiratory movement has become a major factor affecting the treatment of thoracic and abdominal tumors,especially the curative effect of precise radiotherapy in thoracic tumor.The precision of radiotherapy is mainly reflected in the high radiation dose in the target area of the tumor,while the radiation dose of the surrounding normal tissues is reduced to the minimum to protect the normal tissues from radiation damage to the maximum extent.At present,the commonly used methods to reduce respiratory movement in clinic mainly include abdominal compression technology,respiratory gating technology,breath holding technology and synchronous dynamic tracking technology.Among them,respiratory gating technology and breath holding technology are the most common.This paper mainly introduces the application and effects of these two techniques on respiratory movement control in the radiotherapy of thoracic and abdominal tumors.