杨增新对流民问题的认识与措施

Yang Zengxin's Understanding of the Migrant People

新疆自古以来是中国不可分割的部分,对于西北边疆治理来说,新疆的社会稳定与长治久安是新疆各项建设的前提。杨增新主政新疆时期(1912—1928),流民的来源或潜在来源主要是遣散的新疆军队、疆外(国外)的难民、遣犯、种烟流民以及逃避虐政的牧民和沦落新疆的候补官员等。杨增新认为流民问题易给新疆带来混乱,影响社会风气,给新疆的安置工作带来压力,对新疆社会的稳定具有一定的隐患。杨增新通过堵和疏导的方式,既抵制流民进入新疆,又对境内流民进行安置。他对流民问题的认识与措施虽不可避免地带有一定的局限性,但较好地消除了流民问题的负面影响,维护了新疆的社会稳定。

Xinjiang has been an inseparable part of China since ancient times.The social stability and lasting peace are the precondition for Xinjiang to perform well in various undertakings.During Yang Zengxin's rule in Xinjiang(1912—1928),the(potential)sources of the migrant people in Xinjiang were mainly the demobilized soldiers,the refugees from inland provinces,the criminals sent to Xinjiang,the migrant farmers,the herdsmen escaping from tyrannical rule,the displaced officials to Xinjiang and refugees from Russia.Yang Zengxin believed that these people might bring about chaos and corrupt the social atmosphere,which would make harder their resettlement and threaten the social stability in Xinjiang.By blocking and channeling,Yang Zengxin managed to stop migrant people from entering Xinjiang and resettle the migrant people in Xinjiang.Although his understanding and measures on this issue inevitably had certain limitations,he solved the problem well and eliminated its negative impact,which helped maintain the social stability in Xinjiang.