肯定义句式“好不A”的来源及“好不”的词汇化

The Source of the Affirmative Construction "Haobu (好不) A" and ItsLexicalization

肯定义句式“好不A”大概出现于元明时期,是由感叹句式“好A”与反诘句式“岂不A”糅合而成的。肯定义句式“好不A”的生成动因或是凸显言者与听者的交互主观性,或是凸显言者对程度之深的主观性。大约到了明末清初,肯定义句式“好不A”规约化了,仅具有感叹语气。“好不A”的规约化正是“好不”词汇化的关键动因。由于肯定的句式义的制约、韵律规则的作用及较高的使用频率的推动,特殊的跨层结构“好不”大概在明末清初词汇化了,相当于程度副词“好”。

The affirmative construction"haobu(好不)A"probably appeared in the Yuan and Ming Dynasties.It was a mixture of the exclamation construction“hao(好)A”and the interrogative construction"bu(不)A".Its generation motivation was to highlight either the interaction subjectivity between the speaker and the listener,or the depth of the speaker's subjectivity.In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties,the affirmative construction lost its interrogative mood,but still remained its exclamation mood.Along with the regularization of"haobu(好不)A",the prosodic word"haobu"(好不)was lexicalized,equivalent to the degree adverb“hao”(好).