类双宾构式中虚义“他”的社会语用性质

The Social and Pragmatic Nature of "Ta" (他) with Virtual Meaning in thePseudo- Ditransitive Construction

汉语中,“V+他+Quant.+NP”构式是特殊情绪表达的单宾构式,其中的“他”为虚词。文章探讨了该构式中虚义“他”的形成机制,及如何得以出现在单宾构式中。文章认为,“他”是“他X的”咒骂语的变体(variation)。这是由于社会心理,情绪表达的语域变体,与“他X的”属于同一语义性质。由于这个虚义“他”的存在,原单宾构式形式上呈现出双宾构式特征。

In Chinese,the construction"V+Ta(he)+Quant.+NP"is a single-object structure with a certain emotion contained,in which"Ta"(he)is a function word with virtual meaning.This paper analyzed the mechanism of how"Ta"(he)is formed and retained in the construction,believing that"Ta"(he)is a variation of the curse expression of"Ta(he)X的".This is the register variation,out of the need of the social psychology and emotional expression,shares the same semantic nature with the expression of"Ta(he)X的".The existence of"Ta"(he)with virtual meaning leads to a double-object representation from the original single-object construction.