微胶囊化聚磷酸铵阻燃改性高密度聚乙烯

Flame Retardant High Density Polyethylene with Microencapsulated Ammonium Polyphosphate

以三聚氰胺和甲醛为原料,对聚磷酸铵(APP)进行表面处理改性,得到了微胶囊化聚磷酸铵MCAPP,从而改善APP易吸湿以及阻燃改性体系中与高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)相容性较差的缺陷。将MCAPP、季戊四醇(PER)及三聚氰胺(MEL)按照MCAPP∶PER∶MEL=4∶2.5∶1的比例混合,制备得到膨胀性阻燃体系(IFR),再将HDPE∶IFR按照3∶1的比例进行共混制备得到IFR-PE,最后,对样品进行结构和性能的表征和测试。结果表明,IFR-PE与PE相比,水平燃烧速度显著降低,阻燃性能提高,但是其力学性能明显下降;MCAPP相对于APP,能有效减少试样在燃烧过程中产生滴落和滴落物再燃烧的现象,且能使IFR-PE的加工流动性、冲击强度、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和燃烧时的成炭效果等方面均得到改善。

Using melamine and formaldehyde as raw materials,the microencapsulated AMMONIUM polyphosphate(APP)MCAPP was obtained by surface treatment modification to improve the hygroscopic properties of APP and the poor compatibility with high density polyethylene(HDPE)in the flame retardant modification system.The MCAPP was mixed with pentaerythritol(PER)and melamine(MEL)at the ratio of MCAPP:PER:MEL=4:2.5:1 to produce an expansive flame retardant system(IFR),and then the HDPE:IFR was mixed at the ratio of 3:1 to produce IFR-PE.Finally,the structure and performance of the samples were characterized and tested.The results showed that compared with PE,IFR-PE had lower horizontal combustion speed and higher flame retardancy,but its mechanical properties decreased obviously.Compared with APP,MCAPP could effectively reduce the phenomenon of dripping and reburning of dripping subtance in the combustion process of samples,and improve the processing liquidity,impact strength,tensile strength,elongation at break and carbonization effect of IFR-PE during combustion.