人名发音与脸型的跨模态映射效应

Cross-Modal Mapping Effect between Personal Name Pronunciation and Facial Type

本文基于无意义词与简单几何体之间的跨模态映射效应,来研究社会知觉中人名发音与脸型的关系。本研究控制了人名发音的唇形和人物面孔的轮廓,通过简单匹配范式来考察人名发音与面孔之间是否存在跨模态映射效应。结果发现:被试将圆唇音人名与圆面孔匹配、扁唇音人名与尖面孔匹配的概率,均显著大于随机水平。该结果说明了音-形跨模态映射效应也存在于人名发音和脸型之间,这不仅拓宽了声音-形状跨模态映射的研究范围,对于人们取名字方面具有一定的指导意义。

Based on the cross-modal mapping effect relationship between meaningless words and simple geometry, present study explored the relationship between name pronunciation and facial type in social perception. By controlling the lip shape of a person’s name pronunciation and the contour of a person’s facial outline, we used the simple matching paradigm to investigate whether there was a cross-modal mapping effect between personal name pronunciation and facial type. It turned out that the probability of the participants matched round lip names with round face and the flat-lipped personal names with pointed face, both were significantly greater than the random level. The results showed that there was a cross-modal mapping effect between personal name pronunciation and facial type. Up to now, previous studies on sound-shape cross-modal mapping effect have still focused on the relationship between sound and object geometry. However, people expect the personal specificity of their names to see if it is possible to find a basis for the relationship between the personal name pronunciation characteristics and their faces. This is a question to be discussed in this study. The facial type is a particularly prominent feature in personal appearance. Therefore, the specific exploration of this study is whether there is a cross-modal mapping between the name pronunciation and facial shapes. Present study used the face synthesis software(PsychoMorph Version 5) to control the facial type without changing other facial features. In the three experiments, three kinds of name materials(unusual Chinese characters randomly combined names, real names, name phonetic materials) were selected respectively, through the vowel components of Chinese pronunciation to control the Chinese character pronunciation, so as to control the name pronunciation. The study adopted the simple matching paradigm using E-prime 2.0 to compile the experimental program. Each trial started by presenting the fixations, and then presented the personal name pronunciation information, finally showed two left and right faces, and asked the participants to determine which name belonged to the faces.The results turned out that the probability of the participants matched the round lip names with round face and the flat-lipped personal names with pointed face, and both were significantly greater than the random level. The results showed that there was a cross-modal mapping effect between personal name pronunciation and facial type. People tended to match names pronounced with round lips and round faces as well as match the name of the flat lip with the pointed faces. The results not only support the theoretical hypothesis of the personal name pronunciation and facial type sharing perceptual attributes, and support us from the perspective of psychological processing to put forward a new theoretical hypothesis, i.e., the fluency of cognition might also contribute to the matching effect between pronunciation and shape. Present study reveals that people have cognitive stereotype of the pronunciation of a specific name with its specific facial type. This not only broadens the research scope of sound-shape cross-modal mapping, but also has a certain guiding significance for people to choose their names.