共同内群体认同对心理融合的促进效应及其机制

The Promotion Effect and Mechanism of Common Ingroup Identity on Psychological Compatibility

采用实验法从外显和内隐两个层面探讨共同内群体认同对心理融合的促进效应及其机制。实验1采用最简群体范式,通过重新范畴化操纵共同内群体认同,发现共同内群体认同显著促进了外显心理融合。实验2以民族群体为被试,采用GNAT范式,从外显和内隐两个水平进一步探究共同内群体认同对心理融合的促进效应,发现共同内群体认同促进了外显和内隐心理融合,感知相似性起中介作用。两个实验证明了共同内群体认同可以在外显和内隐两个水平促进心理融合,其促进作用是通过感知相似性实现的,也证实了GNAT范式在心理融合研究中的有效性。

The improvement of intergroup relationship by common ingroup identity model has been supported by several studies, more specifically, these studies take the reduction of intergroup bias as the main indicator of intergroup relationship improvement. Although eliminating negative intergroup attitudes is an important way to improve intergroup relations, fostering or promoting positive intergroup attitudes is equally important. It’s known that psychological compatibility is an important manifestation of intergroup harmony. Therefore, the current study focuses on the promoting effect of common ingroup identity on psychological compatibility.Two experiments were conducted to explore whether common ingroup identity could promote psychological compatibility and promoting mechanism. Experiment 1 recruited college students(N=102) who were randomly divided into 3-person groups. We manipulated common ingroup identity through re-categorization and measured explicit psychological compatibility. The results showed that explicit psychological compatibility of the common ingroup identification group was significantly higher than that of the separate group. A total number of 84 college students of ethnic minorities took part in Experiment 2 which took a 2(group categorization: common ingroup vs. separate group) x 2(ethnic: Bourau vs. Hmong) between-participants design. This experiment further verified the common ingroup identity for the promotion of psychological compatibility effect and explored mechanism between them. The results showed that:(1) On explicit psychological compatibility, there was a main effect for group categorization. The explicit psychological compatibility of the common ingroup identification group was significantly higher than that of the separate group;(2) On implicit psychological compatibility(GNAT), the main effect of group categorization was significant. The sensitivity index of the common ingroup identification group was significantly higher than that of the separate group, and the response to "non-ethnic + self-words" was significantly lower than that of the separate group;(3) With perceive similarities as mediating variables, group categorization as independent variables, as well as the explicit psychological compatibility and implicit psychological compatibility as the dependent variable respectively, the mediating effect was tested by the Bootstrap method. The results showed that the mediating effect of perceived similarity was significant. This study expands the Common Ingroup Identity Model from the explicit level to the implicit level. It provides evidence on the implicit level for the common ingroup identity to make the former outgroup closer to the self, and shortens the intergroup psychological distance, which also confirms the validity of GNAT paradigm in the research of psychological compatibility. It also found that the promotion of intergroup psychological compatibility by common ingroup identity is achieved through perceived similarity. This discovery provides an effective practical strategy for realistic social management.