中国农业绿色生产效率的动态变迁与空间分异——基于DDF-Global Malmquist-Luenberger指数方法的分析

Dynamic Evolution and Spatial Differentiation of Agricultural Green Production Efficiency in China:An Analysis Based on DDF-Global Malmquist-Luenberger Index

基于资源环境约束角度,运用DDF模型测算2004—2018年中国30个省(自治区、直辖市)农业绿色生产中投入要素集约利用潜力、期望产出扩张潜力和非期望产出减排潜力,将30个省(自治区、直辖市)分为农业绿色生产高效区、集约区、粗放区、低效区和无效区五类区域。通过GML指数分析,得到五类区域在资源环境约束下农业绿色生产效率及影响因素变动情况。结果表明:从全国整体来看,各要素集约利用潜力、非期望产出减排潜力逐年下降,期望产出扩张潜力逐年减小,趋于饱和;中国农业绿色生产效率整体呈上升趋势,技术进步对农业绿色生产效率提升产生累积正效应,技术效率下降则产生累积负效应;无效区GML累积增长幅度最高,粗放区、低效区、集约区依次降低,高效区GML累积增长幅度最低;高效区和无效区的农业绿色生产效率增长源于技术效率提高和技术进步协同效应,技术进步是集约区、粗放区和低效区农业绿色生产效率增长的主要动力。

Based on the constraints of resources and environment,the paper used the DDF Model to measure the intensive utilization potential of inputs,the expansion potential of desirable output and the reduction potential of undesirable output of agricultural green production in 30 provinces of China from 2004 to 2018.Hereby,30 provinces were divided into five categories:high-efficiency area,intensive area,extensive area,low-efficiency area and inefficient area.With GML index,the changes in agricultural green production efficiency and influencing factors in five regions were revealed.The results show that:The intensive utilization potential of inputs and the reduction potential of undesirable output are decreasing year by year,and the expansion potential of desirable output is also decreasing yearly to be saturated.China’s agricultural green production efficiency is generally on the rise.Technological progress has cumulative positive effects on the improvement of agricultural green production efficiency whereas technical efficiency has cumulative negative effects.The cumulative growth margin of GML in the inefficient area is the highest,which is successively reduced in the the extensive area,the low-efficiency area and intensive area with GML in the high-efficiency area being the lowest.The growth of agricultural green total factor productivity in high-efficiency area and inefficient area is derived from the joint promotion of technological efficiency and technological progress.Technological progress is the main driving force in the intensive area,extensive area and low-efficiency area.