V-R^3系统工程模式构建与实践——以载人空间站工程为例

Construction and Practice of V-R^3 Systems Engineering Mode:Take The Manned Space Station Project As An Example

系统工程理论和方法在我国航天型号任务中发挥了重要作用,保证了我国航天事业一个又一个型号任务的完成。新时代背景下,航天型号研制任务呈现新特征,从以少量串行型号任务作为行业牵引,到依托完备的行业体系完成并行的多样化任务,支撑国家重大专项的顺利实现。随着研制能力的升级与研制过程的转变,急需对系统工程进行系统总结,助力航天型号研制任务持续成功。本文主要目的是提炼航天型号任务中的系统工程新模式。通过剖析经典V型模型,构建出航天型号任务研制以"递增—回溯—递归"为内涵特征的VR3系统工程模式,进而从技术、组织、团队、个体4个维度对该模式进行深入解析。从基于文档的流程管控向数据与模型驱动进行转变过程中,贯穿始终的是以目标实现与问题研究为导向,以风险管控为目的,并以载人空间站工程实践案例为载体,阐明了V-R^3系统工程模式的有效性。

Systems engineering theories and methods have played an important role in performing our country's aerospace missions,ensuring the completion of one model mission after another in ChinavS aerospace industry.In the new era,the development missions of aerospace model present new features.From taking a small number of serial model tasks as industry traction to relying on a complete industry system to accomplish parallel and diverse tasks,it supports the successful realization of major national projects.The upgrade of research and development capabilities,and the trans­formation of the research and development process urgently require a systematic review of new models and methods of systems engineering to help the aerospace model development mission continue to succeed.The main purpose of this article is to refine the new systems engineering model in the aerospace model mission.By analyzing the classic V-shaped model,a V-R3 systems engineering model with“incremental-backtracking-recursive”as the connotation char­acteristic of the aerospace model mission was constructed,and the model was further analyzed from the four dimen­sions of technology,organization,team and individual.The core concept of "oriented by problem research and aimed at risk management and control"runs through the transformation process from document—based process management and control to data and model-driven.And in the practical case of manned space station engineering,the effectiveness of the new model of V-R3 systems engineering was clarified.