清朝官方木构建筑工程拆卸旧料的回收回用

The Recycling of Old Materials of Dismantled Official Wooden Building Projects of the Qing Dynasty

我国传统营造技术是基于预制构件和组合装配的的工艺概念,建筑构件的"分拆"、"搬运"、"重新装配"是古代建筑施工的一个重要技术内容。可以说,对旧料的回收再利用,是我国传统木结构建筑技术的特点所决定的。本文依据相关史料考察了清朝官方木构建筑工程拆卸旧料的回收回用,从旧料的拆卸分类、登记贮备、抵用于工程及变价处理等方面阐述,并就旧料回收回用过程中的监管机制及执行中存在的问题给予了适当分析。

China’s traditional construction technology was a process based on prefabricated components and assembly.The "disassembly","transfer",and "re-assembly" of building components was an important technical part of ancient construction.The recycling of old materials was determined by the characteristics of traditional technology of wooden structure construction.Based on relevant historical data,this article examines the recycling and reuse of old materials used in the Qing Dynasty official timber construction projects,explaining the demolition and classification,registration and stocking,and reuse and selling of old materials.It also offers an appropriate analysis of the regulatory mechanism and problems in the implementation of recycling of old materials.