多产地吴茱萸挥发油提取工艺优化及含量测定研究

Optimization of Extraction Process of Volatile Oil in Wuzhuyu(Evodia rutaecarpa)

目的吴茱萸挥发油据报道可能为其药效作用基础,同时也是毒性产生的原因;故对吴茱萸的挥发油提取工艺进行优化,并对不同产地收集的14批次吴茱萸进行挥发油含量测定。方法采用单因素考察法结合正交实验法设计实验,首先以粉碎过筛水平作为单因素考察指标进行优选,再以优选的粉碎过筛程度、加水倍数以及浸泡时间作为正交考察因素,以挥发油含量作为考察指标,优选吴茱萸挥发油提取工艺,对最优条件进行验证。采用最优提取方法,对不同产地的吴茱萸药材进行挥发油含量测定;并对商品规格、产地、采收年份对挥发油含量的影响进行综合分析。结果优选工艺为粉碎过50目筛,加10倍量水,浸泡6 h,挥发油提取量最优。不同产地的14批次吴茱萸药材挥发油含量范围为0.05%~3.80%。商品规格、产地、采收年份对挥发油含量有较明显影响,其中商品规格的影响差异更大。结论优化出一种合理高效的挥发油提取工艺,并对不同产地14批次吴茱萸进行挥发油含量测定;商品规格、产地、采收年份对挥发油含量的影响差异明显,商品规格因素导致的挥发油含量差异更大;为考察不同产地吴茱萸挥发油的总体含量提供参考,同时也为后续进一步考察吴茱萸挥发性成分、毒性与药效关联、基于毒-效的质量标准控制、临床安全合理用药提供基础支持。

Objective The volatile oil was believed to be the potential therapeutic and hepatotoxic components of Wuzhuyu[Evodia rutaecarpa(EF)].In this experiment,the volatile oil was determined in several batches of EF collected from different locations and the extraction process of volatile oil was optimized.Methods Single factor investigation method and the orthogonal experiment design method were used in this project.First,the sieving degree was optimized,and then water ratio and soaking time were chosen as the factors,while volatile oil content as the index,optimization of EF volatile oil extraction technology was investigated and validated.After that,the optimal extracting method was used to determine the volatile oil of EF from different areas.Besides,size of EF fruits,locations and harvest time were considered as the factors of volatile oil contents.Results The optimal process was to extract the EF after crushing into 50-mesh screen,add 10 times of water and soak 6 h.The volatile oil content of EF from different regions was 0.05%~3.80%.Size of EF fruits,locations and harvest timehad influence on volatile oil contents.The size factor became the most important one.Conclusion A reasonable and efficient EF volatile oil extraction process was established,batches of EF’s volatile oil were determined.Size of EF fruits,locations and harvest time were considered as the factors of volatile oil contents,while size was proved to be the most important factor.This research can also be used for further investigation of volatile composition and relative content from EF and provide scientific support for the elucidation of the relationship among components,efficacy and toxicity,for its quality controlas well as for clinically reasonable application.